⚠️ Yellow — use with caution or restricted in some markets
Iron supplementation in iron-replete patients may increase cardiovascular and cancer risk — always document deficiency before prescribing [1].
Severe deficiency (<0.50 mmol/L) causes secondary hypocalcemia and hypokalemia that will not correct until magnesium is repleted first [1].
Wernicke encephalopathy: classic triad (confusion, ophthalmoplegia, ataxia) is present in only 16% of cases — any ONE element in an at-risk patient warrants IV thiamin [5]
Nitrous oxide anesthesia in subclinically B12-deficient patients can precipitate acute combined degeneration — always check B12 before elective procedures using N₂O [5]
Sensory neuropathy from chronic high-dose B6 (>200 mg/day) — presents as numbness, ataxia. Can be irreversible. Often self-prescribed by patients for PMS or carpal tunnel [3]
Granulomatous diseases (sarcoidosis, TB) — unregulated extra-renal CYP27B1 can cause life-threatening hypercalcemia even at standard doses [2][21]
Chronic zinc >40 mg/day without copper causes copper deficiency: anemia, neutropenia, myeloneuropathy [1].
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Union :: Available as food supplement. Subject to novel food regulation in some contexts [1]. || United States (FDA) ::
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Coumarin TDI 0.1 mg/kg BW/day. Cassia type exceeds limits at typical supplement doses.
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d health claims. Classified as a food supplement (novel food category in some jurisdictions) [2]. || Japan (MHLW) :: Col
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ood. Dietary supplement [1]. || European Union :: Novel food ingredient [1]. || South Korea :: Dietary supplement. || Ma