Cinnamon
See Phase 2 cinnamon oil entry. Bark extract provides cassia-specific coumarin concern alongside bioactive cinnamaldehyde and proanthocyanidins. Evidence for blood glucose modulation.
How it works (mechanism of action)
Acts on cellular signalling pathways relevant to the documented clinical indications. Contains bioactive compounds with enzyme-modulating, receptor-binding, or antioxidant properties studied in peer-reviewed literature.
Evidence grades: A=Strong RCT evidence · B=Good clinical trials · C=Limited trials · D=Preliminary/traditional
Coumarin: Cassia cinnamon high in coumarin (hepatotoxic at high doses — EFSA maximum 0.1mg coumarin/kg/day). Ceylon cinnamon very low coumarin — preferred. HYPOGLYCAEMIA: blood glucose lowering — monitor with diabetes medications. ANTICOAGULANT: antiplatelet activity. Drug interactions: diabetes medications, anticoagulants.
