PubMed Studies
112
About
Avoid in transplant patients
How it works (mechanism of action)
Polysaccharides (APS) activate TLR4 on dendritic cells inducing IL-12 and IFN-gamma (Th1 response). Cycloastragenol activates telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) lengthening telomeres. Saponins (astragalosides) modulate T-regulatory cell function and enhance NK cell cytotoxicity.
📊 Effectiveness
Immune function
Evidence Grade B · 18 studies · n=2,200
Fatigue
Evidence Grade C · 10 studies · n=880
Kidney protection
Evidence Grade C · 8 studies · n=620
Evidence grades: A=Strong RCT evidence · B=Good clinical trials · C=Limited trials · D=Preliminary/traditional
👥 Safety by Population
🚫 Contraindications & Warnings
Consult a healthcare professional before use if pregnant, breastfeeding, taking prescription medications, or if you have a medical condition. Keep out of reach of children.
🏷️ Other Names
Immunosuppressants