✓ No active regulatory warningsFDA MedWatch, EMA EudraVigilance, WHO VigiBase, WADA Prohibited List · 2026-05-29
📰Read the full Titanium Dioxide evidence review on GMJ News →Complete clinical article, references and updates on news.gmj.ge. This page is the structured safety summary.⚠ See overview for critical safety [1]
ℹ️ Not obtained from food. Not applicable — this is not obtained from food in meaningful amounts; supplementation is the practical route.
🔬 Lab interpreter
ℹ️ No validated blood test. There is no established laboratory test to assess status or guide dosing for this ingredient. Clinical response and symptoms are the practical guide.
⚕ For professionals — confirm ranges against your local laboratory.
Clinical verdict
TiO2 is the most contentious excipient in supplements today. EU banned it as food additive E171 (2022) citing nanoparticle genotoxicity concerns. FDA disagrees and maintains GRAS status. The EU ban was driven by inability to exclude genotoxicity, NOT by proven harm in humans. Supplement levels (0.1–1%) are very low. For concerned patients: many manufacturers now offer TiO2-free formulations. The debate is about nanoparticle size fraction, not bulk TiO2 [1].
1 How much do I need?
👤 Adults: Specific dosage data under clinical review
👴 Elderly: Specific dosage data under clinical review
🤰 Pregnancy: See guidance
EU ban suggests precautionary avoidance. FDA considers safe [1].
👦 Pediatric: See guidance
Not recommended [1].
🏃 Athletes: Standard dose
⚖️ Obesity: Standard dose
Fat-soluble compounds may require dose adjustment in obesity.
🩺 Renal: Consult specialist
Dose adjustment may be needed in renal impairment.
🌱 Vegan: Standard dose
How to take
🍽 Timing: See overview [1].
💊 With food: See overview [1].
🚫 Avoid: See overview [1].
2 Which form?
| Form | Bioavailability | Vegan | Cost |
|---|---|---|---|
| ['Various forms', 'standard', 'See overview [1].'] | Standard | Check label |
3 Common questions
Key point ▼
TiO2 is the most contentious excipient in supplements today. EU banned it as food additive E171 (2022) citing nanoparticle genotoxicity concerns. FDA disagrees and maintains GRAS status. The EU ban was driven by inability to exclude genotoxicity, NOT by proven harm in humans. Supplement levels (0.1–1%) are very low. For concerned patients: many manufacturers now offer TiO2-free formulations. The debate is about nanoparticle size fraction, not bulk TiO2 [1].
4 Clinical evidence
Strong
See overview [1]. HIGH
Moderate
See overview [1]. MODERATE
Insufficient
See overview [1]. LOW
5 Safety, toxicity & adverse events
Relative
⚠ Inert colorant/opacifier — no pharmacological contraindications
⚠ Banned as a food additive (E171) in the EU since 2022 over genotoxicity uncertainty; permitted by some other regulators — note for label transparency
6 Interactions
7 US supplement products
1,375
on-market products containing Titanium Dioxide (NIH DSLD)
Brands carrying Titanium Dioxide (362)
Click a brand to see its Titanium Dioxide products.
8 Frequently paired with
9 Cite this page
Vancouver: Pkhakadze G. Titanium Dioxide — safety profile [Internet]. Tbilisi: PHIG; 2026 [cited 2026 Jul 15]. Available from: https://supplement.ge/ingredients/titanium-dioxide/
APA 7th: Pkhakadze, G. (2026). Titanium Dioxide — Safety profile. Public Health Institute of Georgia. https://supplement.ge/ingredients/titanium-dioxide/
📋 Editorial information
Author: Prof. G. Pkhakadze, MD, MPH, PhD
Institution: Public Health Institute of Georgia (PHIG)
Affiliation: David Tvildiani Medical University (DTMU)
First published: January 2026
Last reviewed: 2026-05-29
Next review: January 2027
References: 2 cited sources
COI: SupplementIndex receives no funding from supplement manufacturers. All content independently authored by PHIG.
Process: Systematic literature review
📄 License & reuse
Published under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0). You may share and adapt for any purpose with attribution.
Pkhakadze G. "Titanium Dioxide — Safety Profile." SupplementIndex, PHIG, 2026. https://supplement.ge/ingredients/titanium-dioxide/ CC BY 4.0.
GP
Prof. G. Pkhakadze, MD, MPH, PhD
Professor of Public Health · Head of Department, DTMU
Editor-in-Chief, Georgian Medical Journal (ISSN 3088-4322)
Chair, Public Health Institute of Georgia · UEMS Public Health Section
Educational and public health purposes. CC BY 4.0. Consult your healthcare provider before starting any supplement. Corrections: info@accreditation.ge. Publisher: PHIG