Devil's trumpet from Asia containing high concentrations of tropane alkaloids (atropine, scopolamine, hyoscyamine). Used in traditional medicine and as a ritual intoxicant. Alkaloid content varies significantly between plants making accidental overdose common. Fatalities documented worldwide.
How it works (mechanism of action)
Acts on cellular signalling pathways relevant to the documented clinical indications. Contains bioactive compounds with enzyme-modulating, receptor-binding, or antioxidant properties studied in peer-reviewed literature.
HIGHLY TOXIC. Causes severe anticholinergic syndrome: hallucinations, hyperthermia, tachycardia, urinary retention, respiratory depression, seizures, coma, death. Frequently involved in poisoning incidents. No safe supplemental dose. Banned as food supplement in all regulated markets.