SAFE
Black Pepper Kali Mirch
Piper nigrum Kali Mirch
Likely Safe
V1 Verified
Unani Herbs
PubMed Studies
2,200
About
Black pepper (Kali Mirch) contains piperine as primary bioavailability enhancer. Used in Unani and Ayurveda as digestive stimulant and bioenhancer.
How it works (mechanism of action)
Based on Unani Tibb principles of temperament modification and humoral balance. Active alkaloids, flavonoids, and essential oils provide receptor-mediated, enzyme-inhibitory, and antioxidant mechanisms of action identified in modern research.
📊 Effectiveness
Bioavailability enhancement
Evidence Grade A · 18 studies · n=2,800 · Meta-analysis available
Evidence grades: A=Strong RCT evidence · B=Good clinical trials · C=Limited trials · D=Preliminary/traditional
👥 Safety by Population
🚫 Contraindications & Warnings
Piperine: CYP3A4 inhibition increasing many drug levels. Generally safe at food doses.
🏷️ Other Names
Piper nigrum Kali Mirch